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Forests form an important part of the wealth of a country. In India, the preservation of the forests is so important it has long been taken over by the government and is in charge of the Government Forest Department.
Forests greatly influence climate, for they attract rain and preserve moisture, an important matter in a dry country like India. The leaves of a always give off moisture, and this constant evaporation cools the surrounding atmosphere. Consequently, when moisture-laden winds blow over a forest, the they carry is condensed and forms clouds, which then dissolve in the rain. This is not a mere theory. It has proved that the destruction of forests to any extent quickly changes the climate of the whole district. Whereas before it had rainfall, after disafforestation, the rainfall became scanty, and the land went out of cultivation and became an arid desert. On the hand, afforestation, or the planting of forests, will turn a desert into a well-watered and fertile district.
Furthermore, forests on hillsides an important role in preventing destructive floods. When heavy rain falls on bare hills, it rushes down at once to the in roaring torrents, carrying parts of the hill with it and flooding the country below. But when the hills are covered forests, the trees and the spongy soil absorb a large part of the water and allow the rest to flow down the plains quietly and without any destructive effects.
Forest products, especially timber, form an important part of a nation's wealth. The Indian forests all the timber required in the country, and much of it is exported, the sale of which brings in respectable revenue for the state.
Forests also provide abundant fuel to the nearby districts, enabling the zamindars to keep the gobra enriching their lands, instead of being obliged to burn this valuable manure as fuel. The planting and preservation of forests is, , a matter of great importance.